Evaluation of Glockenspiel Recording

Key Terms 

Transducer - A device that converts one form of energy to another type of energy. These energy types include; electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic, chemical, acoustic and thermal energy. 

Diaphragm - A thin piece of metal which vibrates when it is hit with sound waves. Diaphragms are usually located in the head of the microphone. 

Electromagnetic Induction - A production of an electromotive force across a conductor when it is exposed to a time varying magnetic field.

Capacitor plate - Creates a stronger signal by causing a current  when the plates are close together.

Pre-amp - An electronic amplifier that prepares a small electrical signal for further amplification or processing. Often placed close to the sensor to reduce the effects of noise and interference. 

Sound Pressure Levels - How loud something sounds (the sound of the sound waves).

Polar Patterns 

There are four different polar patterns; Cardioid, Omnidirectional, Figure of 8 and Supercardioid.

This is the Cardioid polar pattern. A microphone that has this polar pattern is able to pick up sound within 120 degrees of the direction the microphone is facing. This kind of polar pattern helps in reducing the amount of feedback.

This is the Omnidirectional polar pattern. This means that a microphone that has this polar pattern has the ability to pick up sound that is surrounding the microphone (within a 360 degree radius). Microphones with this kind of polar pattern are ideal if the recorder is wanting to pan from left to right. This is because, if a person moved around the microphone, when playing back the recording, you will be able to hear the sound moving from left to right. 

This is the Figure of 8 polar pattern. This polar pattern allow a microphone to pick up sound only from the front and the back, but cannot pick up sound from the sides of the microphone. A microphone with this polar pattern would be good for recording two instruments, or voices, as a duet and it would pick up the sound of the two musicians and nothing else.

This is the Supercardioid polar pattern. This polar pattern only allows the microphone to pick up sound from the front and the back of the microphone, and small amounts of sound from the sides of the microphone. This polar pattern is very similar to the cardioid pattern, although the supercardioid patter have a smaller 100 degree pick up range. Compared to the cardioid pattern, the supercardioid patter have better side rejection the cardioid pattern.

Different Types of Microphone 

There are four different types of microphone; dynamic, condenser, ribbon and boundary. All of these microphone are used in different situation in order to get the best quality recording. 

The dynamic microphone is a very multi purpose microphone, which includes very few moving parts. Dynamic microphone also tend to be rather sturdy, robust microphones, so are very hard to damage. This type of microphone is very good at picking up high volume sounds, so there for a very good at recording amplified instruments, such as electric guitars. These kind of microphones also do not require power in order to work, so there for use to power from the mixing deck so that they are able to work and record. 

The word condenser mean capacitor ( a device used to store an electric charge). The Condenser microphone has an electronic component  inside of the microphone which stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field. This type of microphone requires power in order for it to work, either from batteries or another external source. The condenser microphone is a much more sensitive and responsive that a dynamic microphone. This means that these microphones are best at picking up much quieter sounds. It is important to not use a condenser microphone to record high volume sounds, e.g. to record an amplified guitar, as the sensitivity of the microphone is prone to distort the sound quality. 

The Ribbon microphone is also know as the ribbon velocity microphone. This type of microphone has a thin piece of metal inside of electrically conducted plates that are between magnetic poles that produce voltage by electromagnetic induction. These microphones tend to be bidirectional, meaning that they have the ability to pick up sound from either side of the microphone, equally as good. 

Finally, the boundary microphone, or pressure zone microphone, is a omnidirectional condenser microphone positioned near or flush with a boundary.

Shure SM58 

This i the Shure SM58 microphone, which is a dynamic microphone. This microphone is typically used in recording vocals, this is because this microphone is capable of picking up both high and low pitched, so there for this microphone will be able to suit everyone's vocal range.  The frequency response of this microphone is 50 - 15,000 Hz. The polar pattern of this microphone is a cardioid pattern.

AKG D112

This is the AKG D112 microphone, which is a dynamic microphone. This microphone is commonly used to record instruments of a low pitch, such as kick drums in a drum kit. This microphone has a large diaphragm which helps deliver really deep frequencies. The frequency response is 20 - 17,000 Hz. The polar pattern is cardioid. 

AKG C1000 

   This is the AKG C1000 microphone, which is a condenser microphone. This microphone is commonly used for recording wind or brass instruments or guitars (without an amplifier). This microphone is powered by AA batteries or phantom power (phantom power is DC electric transmitted through microphone cables to operate microphones that contain active electronic circuitry). The frequency response on this microphone is 50 - 20,000 Hz. The polar pattern on this microphone is main cardioid, however, the microphone has a switch allowing the user to change the polar pattern from cardioid to supercardioid. 

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/glock-task-audio-akg

Position/Distance: 20cm away from the instrument
Type of Microphone: AKG C1000
Polar Pattern: Cardioid

This microphone managed to record the glockenspiel when well. The microphone didn't pick up any background noise, we can tell this by the quality of the recording (the sound of the glockenspiel is quite clear) and the instrument is the only thing you are able to hear in the recording.

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/glock-task-audio-egg

Position/Distance: 20cm away from the instrument
Type of Microphone: AKG D112
Polar Pattern: Cardioid

This microphone recorded the glockenspiel rather clearly. However, you would not usually use this microphone to record a glockenspiel. This is because the AKG D112 microphone is commonly used in recording low pitched instruments, such as kick drums and bass guitars.

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/glock-task-audio-shure

Position/Distance: 20cm away from the instrument
Type of Microphone: Shure SM58
Polar Pattern: Cardioid

The quality of the recording by using this microphone made the glockenspiel sound of a high quality and clear. This is because the Shure SM58 is a universal microphone, meaning that this microphone is equally as good at picking up high and low pitches. Compared to the AKG D112, the Shure SM58 performed a lot better. The AKG D112 managed to pick up the lower notes better than the higher notes, whereas the SM58 was better at picking up all the notes, and there for made the recording sound of a much clearer, higher quality.

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/glockenspiel-task

Position/Distance: 20cm away from the instrument
Type of Microphone: Zoom H2
Polar Pattern: Figure of 8

The sound quality of the recording is not as good as the other recording I did. This is because the recording area was different to the other recording (the area of the other 3 recording took place in a recording studio and this recording took place outdoors). The quality of this recording wasn't as good because you can hear the sound of wind in the background. You can also hear noises (that are not being made by the instrument) from the surrounding area, making the quality of the recording poor.

Conclusion

From taking several recording from the Glockenspiel, I have found out that recording outside is not the best place to record. This is because, in some aspects, the instrument in the recording can be hard to hear due to background/environment noise. If I was to improve the quality of the recording using the Zoom H2 microphone, I would have placed pop shields at the front and the back of the microphone to reduce some of the background/environment noise. I also found out by taking recordings from various different microphones, that the 'Egg' AKG D112 is also not the best microphone to use when recording a Glockenspiel. This is because a Glockenspiel is usually a high pitched instrument. The AKG D112 microphone is commonly used for recording low pitched instuments, such as bass/kick drums and amplified bass guitars. This is why I wouldn't use this microphone to record the glockenspiel. This is because the AKG D112 wasn't the best for picking up some of the much high notes of the Glockenspiel, so there for the quality of the recording was the best it could be.

If I was to repeat these recording to enable to ensure the quality of a recording was top quality, I would use use either the SM58 or the AKG C1000, I would also make sure that the recording area took place indoors, in a recording studio. I would make sure my recording are in a recording studio as this kind of area rarely has and background/environment noise (apart from the noise made by the instruments or singers). Also, recording studios always has 'Sound Proofing Foam' installed. Sound proofing is important as it  helps reduce sound reflection. This improves the quality of recording as it prevents the 'echoes' sounds that are created by sound bouncing in walls/surfaces.


If I was to choose a microphone that would record the glockenspiel the best, I would choose either the SM58 or the AKG C1000. I would choose the SM58 as this microphone is a universal microphone, meaning it is able to pick up both low and high pitches. Therefor, this microphone would suit the range of the glockenspiel. I would also choose the AKG C1000 as this microphone is as the frequency response of this microphone is high, so therefor the quality of the recording will be a lot better in that aspect.

Shure SM58 Frequency Response Graph 

AKG C1000 Frequency Response Graph

To conclude, if I was to redo the records of the Glockenspiels, I would recording in a studio due to the installation of Sound Proofing Foam to reduce the sound reflection, and I would use  the AKG C1000. This is because this microphone has a higher frequency response, meaning the quality of the recording will be better than if I were to use the Shure SM58. The AKG C1000 is also an extremely versatile microphone, meaning that the microphone has the ability to adapt due to what it is recording, therefor giving the recording a much higher quality. 

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

Background

The Beatles are a British rock band, which are described as the most successful musical act of the 20^th Century. According to the Rolling Stones Website, they would consider The Beatles 'Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band' to be No. 1 of the Top 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. The band formed in 1959, the band consisted of guitarist and lead vocalist, John Lennon, guitarist and vocalist Paul McCartney, guitarist and vocalist George Harrison, and drummer Peter Best. Later on in 1962, Ringo Star going the band as a former drummer for another band, so they’re for replaced Peter Best in The Beatles. The group were named several times before they stuck with calling themselves ‘The Beatles’, they called themselves band names such as; The Silver Beetles, Jonny and the Moondogs and The Beatals.  Sgt. Pepper Lonely Heart Club Band is the most important rock & roll album ever made, sound songwriting, cover, art and studio technology by the greatest rock and roll group of all time. The album was issued in Britain on June 1ts 1967, and a day later in America, Sgt. Pepper is also rock's ultimate declaration of change, no other pop recording of that era, or since, has had such an immediate, titanic impact.

Album Artwork

The album cover to Sgt. Peppers Lonely Heart Club Band was designed by Pop Artist Peter Blake. Peter Black is known to be one of the best Pop Artists in Britain, during the late 1950's. He is most well-known for actually designing The Beatles Sgt. Pepper album cover. Peter Blake also designed album cover for other people, such as; Oasis' greatest album 'Stop The Clocks'. In the album cover each member of The Beatles has been illustrated with heavy moustaches, this was done to reflect the hippie style trend that was around at the time. Each member of The Beatle were also drew wearing Military style clothing, where the inspiration was taken from the vogue in Britain for military fashion.

About the Album

The album, Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was released 1st June 1967. The album was recording 24th November 1966 - 21st April 1967 in a studio in London called EMI Studios and Regent Sound Studio. All the song on this album where written and composed by Paul McCartney and John Lennon, apart from 'Within You Without You' that was written by George Harrison. This album consists of 13 songs, being;
1) Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band 

2) With a Little Help From My Friends 

3) Lucy in The Sky With Diamonds 

4) Get Better

5) Fix a Hole 

6) She's Leaving Home 

7) Being From The Benefit of Mr. Kite 

8) Within You Without You

9) When I'm Sixty-Four 

10) Lovely Rita 

11) Good Morning 

12) Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (reprise)

13) A Day in The Life 

According to Allan F. Moore, stated that Sgt. Pepper was composed mainly of rock and pop music. They went on to saying that they believed that The Beatles took stylistic features from genres, such as rock & roll, vaudeville (a theatrical genre that was popular in the United States, typically used for variety entertainment which is made up of separate, unrelated acts grouped together on common bill. However, Michael Hannan and Nephtail Wagner both thought that the album consisted on many genres. Hannan stated that he believed that Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band "Features a Broad variety and musical and theatrical genres".


The album, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band remained on the Billboard 200 charts in the US for 175 weeks in 1987. When the album was released, it went to No. 1 in the following Charts; Australian Kent Music Report, Canadian RPM Top LPs, Norwegian Albums Charts, Swedish Kvällstoppen Chart, UK Album Charts, US Billboard Top LPs and West Germany Media Control Albums Chart. By 31st December 1967 in the United States, the album sold 2,360,423 coppies and sold 3,372,581 by the end of the decade. 

Roles Within The Album

Each member of The Beatles were know for having their own separate roles within the band, for example;

• John Lennon - Lead Vocals/Rhythm and Acoustic Guitar.
• Paul McCartney - Harmony/Backing Vocals, Bass.
• George Harrison - Harmony/Backing Vocals, Lead Guitarist.
• Ringo Star - Drummer

(Left to Right) Paul McCartney, George Harrison, John Lennon, (Top) and Ringo Star.

However, in the album the role of lead vocals changed (Between John Lennon, Ringo Star, Paul McCartney and George Harrison). The lead vocals alternated through all the songs they had on their album, such as;

• John Lennon - Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, She's Leaving Home, Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite, Good Morning Good Morning, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (reprise), A Day in the Life.
• George Harrison - Within You Without You, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (reprise),
• Paul McCartney - Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, Getting Better, Fixing a Hole, She's Leaving Home, When I'm Sixty-Four, Lovely Rita, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (reprise), The Day in the Life. 
• Ringo Star - With a Little Help From My Friends 

Recording Techniques  

The Beatles Recording Techniques evolved during the 1960's and influenced the way all music was recorded. Sgt. Pepper was recorded using four-track equipment. Although eight-track tape recorders were available in the US, the first units were not operational in commercial studios in London until late 1967. A key feature of Sgt. Pepper is Martin and Emerick's liberal use of signal processing to shape the sound of the recording, which included the application of dynamic range compression, reverberation and signal limiting.

A known technique that The Beatles (Ringo Star) came up with was using tea towels and any other items that could create a drum muffling effect. It is know that as early as 1962, Ringo Star used John’s Harmonica to dampen his snare drum. Throughout the years, it was known to be quite common to use items, such as tea towels to dampen the sound of drums. They used this technique as it allowed to drummer to have more control over the volume of the drumming. By using the towel technique, this gave Ringo a much tighter, more focused sound. This mean that The Beatles' sound engineer was able to apply heavy compression to his drum recording.

Guitar feedback is one of the many recording techniques that The Beatles used. The technique can be heard in recordings as a high pitched electric noise, many people are well know for using this technique, such as Robert Ashley in the early 1960's. The Beatles used this technique in their song called 'I'm Feel Fine', which was released in October 1964. This technique can be heard at the beginning of the song where a feedback note is played on a bass guitar plays an A note, which was picked up by John Lennon's semiacoustic guitar.

In Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club band, The Beatles used a recording technique called 'Diret Input' or DI. Direct Input was first used by The Beatles in 1967 for recording Paul McCartney's bass part for this song. Direct Input is where you connect a jack lead into a electronic interment, such as a guitar, ad then the other end of the jack lead is then plugged into the DI Box. The DI Box has the ability to turn a high impedance mono signal into a low impedance stereo signal, this allows the recording to be panned and balanced.

The Beatles also used Sampling in some of there songs, they first used sampling in 'Yellow Submarine'. The 'brass solo' sample in this song was taken from a Sousa march by George Martin and Geoff Emerick. The Beatles used the sample in exactly the same way as George Martin and Geoff Emerick by keeping the sample the same as the original, by keeping the key the same. 

In Being For The Benefit of Mr. Kite, The Beatles used a technique where they randomly spliced tape loops together. When writing this song, John Lennon took all of the lyrical content from a 19th Century circus poster owned by himself. This was because he wanted the song to have carnival atmosphere vibes. During the middle-eight of this song, The Beatles sound engineer, Geoff Emerick took tape recordings of fairground organs and calliope music, cut and trimmed the recording to how they desired, and added this to the song. The resulting effect was described as unique, as this recording technique allowed this song fit in with the psychedelic feel the album gave off. 

Production Characteristics

Sgt. Peppers is the eighth studio album The Beatles have released. The album was recorded on a four-track machiene. At the time, eight track recording machienes we're only available in the United States, and as they were recording in London, England, a four-track recorder was the only machiene they could use. However, in September 1969, The Beatles released their 11th studio album 'Abbey Road', which was The Beatles final album, they recorded all their songs on the eight-track recorder as at this point the eight-track recorder were introduced in England. 

Some of the production techniques The Beatles used are things such as; pitch control and double tracking. Double tracking is a system that uses tape recorders to create simultaneous doubling of a sound (duplicating a track a therefor layering them on top of one and other). They used this production technique to double up the lead vocals in order to enhance the overall sound, this gave the affect that there were two people singing at the same time, when in fact the same track was taken (of the same person singing) and the track was duplication and then layered on top of each other. Towsend came up with this idea during a session in 1966.

Another production technique The Beatles used was called varispeeding. This technique known for being used in the song 'Lucy in The Sky with Diamonds'. This technique basically takes and original recording and changes it by reducing the speed of the original. In this song, they took John Lennon's vocals, and reduced  the speed from 50 cycles per second to 45. As a result of doing this, it then makes the piece sound a lot higher in pitch and also makes the recording sound thinner when played back at normal speed.
 

A key feature of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was the use of signal processing to shape the sound of the recording. They apply things such as a dynamic range compression, reverberating and signal limiting to the recording. Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was recorded on a four tracks, as apposed to using an eight track recorder that was only available in the United States. The eight track recording machienes were not available in the UK until late 1967. By using the four track recorder, this meant that they had to use a technique called reduction mixing. This is where one of the four from one recorder are mixed and bounced down onto a master four track machiene. The machienes that The Beatles used at The EMI Studio were well suited when using this technique, this is because the high quality of the recordings helped minimise the increasing amount of noise that was produced by the techniques process. 

Final Recording

Planning for Final Recording 

The people that I shall be working with when recording our final record are Georgia Tomson (me), David Cuff and Maisie Goodman

Location: Studio:

Time: 8:30 - 10.50 

Date: 9th October 2015 

Role of Personnel 

Setting up microphones - David; this means that he will be going into the studio to get microphone stands, selecting the correct/appropriate microphone, insert the XLR leading into the microphones(s), the will be expected to work along side the rest of the group in discussing the positioning of the microphones in order to get a quality sounding recording. 

Mixing desk (e.g. sorting out gain) Maisie; This means that she will be in charge of using the mixing desk, including sorting out the gain of the recording

Controlling Cubase - Maisie 

Playing instruments for the recording - Georgia/David

Consideration for our Recording 

In our recording, we are planning to record a piano and the drums. For the piano the way that we will be recording this instrument will be buy using 2 AKG C1000 microphones, positioning one pointing towards the far left side of the piano (electric) speaker and the other pointing towards the far right side of the pianos speaker. We do this as the lower notes mostly come out of the left half of the speaker and the higher notes mostly come out of the right half of the speaker, so recording this way will allow the sound to pan from higher to lower. We do it this way, as this is the way you would  mic up an acoustic piano, as a microphone will be pointing towards to higher pitches of the piano and the other microphone will be pointing towards the lower pitches of the piano to be able to pick all the notes up clearly.

The other instrument that we will be recording will be the drums. We will be putting microphones to the whole drum kit, which means that all the parts to the kit will require different microphones. This is because, for example, we will need to use an Egg Mic to record to kick drum as this microphone picks up lower sound signals.  In total, we will need to use 8 microphones to record each drum separately. 

Group Dynamics/Skills required

In order to carry out this recording successfully, communication between all group member will be very important. This will be done by using the 'Talk Back' button, this will allow people in the recording booth to talk to people who are in the studio. It would be useful for all group to have a basic understand of how instruments sound. For example, everyone in the group has the ability to hear to whether instruments are in tune or not. This is to ensure that the recording is perfect.

Another skill that all people within the group would be knowledge on how to use all the technology and computer software. All group members should also be aware of potential risks that can occur when recording for our final recording. For example, all people within the group should know what to do when a microphone or a piece of technology stops working. They should know that if a microphone  isn't working, they would know how to overcome it by either checking and swapping the XLR lead or checking and swapping the microphone. all group members should know how to use Cubase as well. Even though there is only one person assigned to be operating the programme, it is also helpful if everyone knows how to use this piece of software. This is people, if the assigned people is having a technical difficulty or struggling with something, another person may be able to help overcome this issue so that the recording process can run smoothly with less issues. 

What problems may you face and how you will overcome these?

When recording for our final recording, we may experience faulty equipment, for example we may experience failure with the microphones. At this point you would think of issues that may be causing the microphones to stop working. Issues may include faulty XLR Leads, causing no sound to come through in Cubase, or the issue may be to do with the actual microphone. In both scenarios, a way to overcome these problems would be, check the XLR lead and swap it for another lead, if this still doesn't work, then go on to swapping the microphone with another microphone. 

Another thing we could experience when recording could be Cubase issues, such as the programme crashing. If this happens, this could result in work/recordings to be lost, and then we would hard to start from the beginning. One way to overcome this issue would be to do something to our recording, whether that we recording an instrument or adding an effect to a recording, and straight after making sure that you save your project straight after. This way you wont loose any work due to the programme crashes, and if it does crash before you've saved the project, then at least you wont loose the whole recording.

Plan of Microphones that will be used in Final Recording  

In our final recording, we plan to record vocals, piano and drums (full kit). To recording the piano, we plan on using 2 AKG C1000 microphones and position 1 microphone pointing towards the center of the left cone and the other microphone pointing towards the center of the right cone (of the speaker). This will allow all pitches to be picked up well, as the left half of the speaker (of the electric piano we shall be recording on) gives out the lower end of the notes and the right half of the speaker gives out the higher end of the notes. Using this technique also give up to ability to pan, this meaning you will be able to hear in our recording the sound going from left to right as the pitches of the notes being played changed. For vocals we shall be using a Shure SM58. This is because this microphone is the most universal and therefor has the ability to pitch up both higher and lower frequencies. When recording the vocals we will also be putting a Pop Shield in front of the microphone, this is to prevent the microphone picking up any sounds that we don't want to record, such as the singer breathing in between lyrics. This will hopefully give out recording a much clearer sound. Finally, for the drums we plan on using multiple types of microphone to suit all the pitches of each part of the drum. Here is what microphones we plan to use for each part of the drum kit;

Shure SM58 - High Hat, Snare, Tom 1, Tom 2, Floor Tom.
AKG C1000 - Crash 1, Crash 2, Ride Cymbal.
AKG D112 - Kick Drum (because this is the only part of the drum kit that is considerably low in pitch).

Recording Key Terms

Quality of Sound - The timbre of the sound, e.g. brassy, tinny, distorted.

Acoustic Reflection - Sound traveling; reverb. E.g. Recording Studio: less reflection due to sound proofing.
Absorption- Using sound proofing foam to reduce sound reflecting.
Resonance - The quality of the sound of being deep, full and reverberating,

Background Noise - Noise that can be heard/picked up from the environment in which you are recording.

Evaluation of Final Recording 

In our final recording, we recording a piano, vocals, and a full drum kit. 

Piano Recording 

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/piano

Example of  microphone set up with an upright piano

Position/distance: 2 microphones, positioned at the cone of the left speaker and the other positioned at the cone of the right speaker. The microphones are to be positioned 20cm away from the speaker. 

Type of Microphone: AKG C1000

Polar Pattern: Cardioid

I used these kind of microphones as they are are well suited to the instrument I am recording. This is because AKG C1000's because this microphone has a high frequency response, so the quality of the recording will because be better.  I kept the microphones 20cm away from the speakers to avoid feedback.

Drum Kit Recording 

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/drums

Position/distance: A microphone 20cm away from the snare, ride cymbal, high hat, floor tom, tom 1&2, kick drum and crash 1&2.
Type of Microphone: High Hat - SM58, Snare - SM58, Tom 1 - SM58, Tom 2 - SM58, Floor Tom - SM58, Kick Drum - AKG D112, Crash 1&2 - AKG C1000, Ride Cymbal - AKG C1000.
Polar Patterns: SM58 - Cardioid, AKG C1000 - Cardioid, AKG D112 - Cardioid.

I used various different microphones to suit the pitches of all all the drums, for example, I used an AKG D112 as this microphone is the best at picking up lower pitches. I also kept the microphones 20 cm away from each part of the drum to avoid clipping and to reduce the amount of feedback to make sure the quality of the recording is high. In our recording of the drums, we used a technique that The Beatles used buy using towels to dampen the sound of the kick drum. If I was to do this recording again, I would not use this technique as it made the kick drum sound extremely quite and was therefor hard to hear.

Vocals

https://soundcloud.com/user-69480508/georgia-new-recordings-0002-audio-singing

Vocal Microphone Set Up

Position/distance: The microphone was 20cm away from the singers face. In front of 

Type of Microphone: SM58

Polar Pattern: Cardioid

I used a SM58 to record the vocals, this is because this microphone is the best at picking up all pitches, and for the song I got the singer to sing, this microphone was the best for the job as the song required a wide range. I set a microphone with a pop shield, this is to prevent background noise from being picked up by the microphone, such as the singers breath for example. A issue that we cam
e around, that I didn't include in my final recording plan, was having to do multiple takes. A you can hear from the recording, we had had to trim the beginning of the take (due to laughing) to ensure the recording could be of a good quality. This recording was the final take, as we had to do 3 takes previous to the final one as we changed the song to another song that suited the singers voice better.